Down payment是什么意思?

down-payment-meaning-definition-chinese-translation

Down payment(也称为downpayment),中文意思是“首付款”。Wikipedia对down payment的英文解释如下:

Down payment (or downpayment) is a payment used in the context of the purchase of expensive items such as a car and a house, whereby the payment is the initial upfront portion of the total amount due and it is usually given in cash at the time of finalizing the transaction. A loan or the amount in cash is then required to make the full payment.
Downpayment是在购买昂贵物品(如:车、房)时的一种付款,该款项是总应付款的最初直接支付部分,且常采用现金支付。之后,可通过贷款、或现金方式完成剩余全部款项的支付。

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Investopedia进一步指出:The payment typically represents only a percentage of the full purchase price; in some cases it is not refundable if the deal falls through. 首付款通常以总价款的百分比形式计算。某些情形下,若交易未能达成,该款项不予退还。

For example, because houses are extremely expensive assets, home buyers typically pay down payments that equal 5-25% of the total value of a home. The remaining 75-95% of the price will be covered by a bank or other financial institutions through a mortgage loan.
在美国,购房者通常需支付房屋总价的5-25%(Bankrate.com甚至指出,首付百分比最低可达到3-3.5%),剩余的75-95%则通过银行或其他金融机构以住房抵押贷款(或称按揭贷款:mortgage loan)的方式偿还。

支付首付款的英语说法是:make down payment,或者put down…on…。美国人在口语中常常把down payment简化为put down,你可能会听到这样的交谈:“Alex put 20 percent down on the house.”意思等同于:“Alex made a 20 percent down payment.”(Alex交了20%的首付。)也可以说:I would try to put down at least $7,500 if possible. (可能的话,我愿意交7500美元的首付。)

如何用地道英语表达“抛售股票”?

全球股市连遭重挫,你的投资组合还好吗?无论如何,生活还要继续。深吸一口气,给自己一个微笑。让我们暂时忘却股指带来的伤痛,学习如何用1个英文单词表达“抛售股票”。

8月21-24日,华尔街主要股票指数(道琼斯、纳斯达克、S&P 500)连续两个交易日经历暴跌,由于担忧中国及其他新兴市场(emerging markets)的经济放缓(slowdown),投资者疯狂抛售股票,市场陷入恐慌。那么抛售股票的英文如何表达呢?

抛售股票的英语说法是:selloff(或sell-off, 恩,我没骗你,这的确就是1个单词)。Investopedia对selloff的定义如下:The rapid selling of securities, such as stocks, bonds and commodities. The increase in supply leads to a decline in the value of the security.(快速卖出证券,比如:股票、债券、商品。供给的增加导致证券的价值下跌。)

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Investopedia进一步探讨了导致selloff的原因:A sell-off may occur for many reasons. For example, if a company issues a disappointing earnings report, it can spark a sell-off of that company’s stock. Sell-offs also can occur more broadly. For example, when oil prices surge, this often sparks a sell-off in the broad market (say, the S&P 500) due to increased fear about the energy costs companies will face.(抛售可能基于多种原因,如:公司的收入报告不及预期会导致公司股票遭抛售。而油价飚升,则会触发市场的大范围抛售,因为投资者担忧上市公司的能源成本会上升进而影响利润。)

当sell和off连写时,selloff是一个名词。意思是:抛售的行为。当sell和off分开写时,则变成一个动词短语:sell off。意思是:进行抛售。比如:investors are selling off stocks due to worries of a global economic slowdown. 最后,我们看几个关于如何使用sell-off的地道英语例句:

U.S. stocks were slammed Friday in a global stock selloff that one well-known macro strategist argues is about China and weakness in emerging markets, with a dash of Federal Reserve rate-hike fear thrown in. (Source: This selloff is about China and emerging markets, with a dash of Fed) (因全球市场大范围抛售,美国股市周五遭受重创,一位知名宏观经济策略师认为市场的下挫由于中国及新兴市场疲软导致,另外,对于美联储加息预期的担忧也脱不了干系。)

The intense selloff on Wall Street forced the Dow and S&P to shed almost 6% for the week, with the Nasdaq declining nearly 7% for the week, as traders across the globe worried about sustained weakness in China.(Source: Crushed: Dow Enters Correction Territory After Biggest Selloff in Four Years) (由于全球交易者担忧中国经济的持续疲软,华尔街遭遇大幅抛售,导致本周道指及标普重挫6%,纳指更是暴跌逾7%。)

Hook up with在美语口语里是什么意思?

Hook这个词在美式口语中经常出现,而短语hook up也是一个常用的口语词组,hook up的字面意思是:fasten, connect, assemble (with a hook or hooks) 引申出的意思则是:meet with, associate with, make a social appointment with…,即:约会、交往、社交。

例如:He never had a decent job until he hooked up with this company. 他一直没有体面的工作,直到和现在这家公司挂上钩。再如:Fancy hooking up with you here, Bill. How have you been?(真没想到在这里遇见你,Bill,你最近好吗?)如果是替人约见某人,也可以说:hook up somebody with someone.

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最后,还有一个相当口语化,非正式(informal)的含义:to have casual sex or a romantic date without a long-term commitment. (发生比较随意的性关系,或不以长期为目的地进行约会)。例句:He doesn’t know her very well, but he hooked up with her a couple of times. 他和她不是很熟,但和她发生过几次关系。在这种语境下,hook up翻译为:“钓上、泡上”倒是不错的选择。

在Natalie Portman、Ashton kutcher主演的2011年爱情轻喜剧《No Strings Attached》中,内心缺乏安全感的Emma尽管深爱着Adam,在表明上却拒绝与Adam进一步发展关系,并告诉他:“Go hook up with someone else.”(去找别人上床吧。)当然,尽管历经波折,最终二人还是在一起并幸福相爱。

Beau在美式英语中的常用意思是什么?

在国内在线词典里查询单词Beau的意思,你会得到一连串的解释,包括:男朋友;花花公子;情郎;喜修饰者;纨绔子弟;求爱者等等。

这些解释都没有错。实际上,随着时代的变化,这个词的用法也在不断演变。Beau这个词源自法语:“beau”, 意思是美貌的,漂亮的。发音是/boʊ/。较早常用的含义包括:花花公子、纨绔子弟、过分注重外貌、打扮的男子。(另外需要注意,beau的复数形式是beaux,发音为/boʊz/)

但如今,Beau在美国英语里用得更多,或更为主要的含义是:男友、男伴。作为“男友”使用时,可与boyfriend互换(interchangeable)。但除了表示一般的boyfriend意思之外,Beau还可以用来表示一种短暂陪伴、不固定的恋爱关系,有时双方可能只是出于性的需要而交往。而boyfriend则相对更为稳定、正式,彼此注重承诺(more committed)。Urbandictionary对beau有这样的解释:A guy who is a love interest, but not necessarily anything official. Someone who a girl is casually dating, hooking up with, seeing or mutually flirting with. A nicer term for a butt-buddy. 在这里,beau更可以理解为“性伴”。

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Wiktionary还指出,Beau所具有的以下两种含义已经较少使用(dated):(1)A man with a reputation for fine dress and etiquette; a dandy or fop.(2)A male lover; a boyfriend. 如今,Beau在美语里最常用的意思是“A male escort”(男性玩伴、伴游)。Will在网上看到有把new beau翻译为“新欢”的,倒是相当贴切。如这个例子:She appeared with her new beau.(她携新欢一同现身。)

也许正因为具有比boyfriend更为复杂的内涵,beau这个字眼经常出现在美国娱乐八卦,甚至刑事案件的新闻头条中。前两天,Khloe Kardashian的前夫Lamar Odom就有对前妻的新男友发出警告:别动我的女人!(Lamar Odom still calls Khloe Kardashian his wife and offers warning to her new beau)。而最近不幸离世的Bobbi Christina,以及女演员Edena Hines,她们的男友都无一例外被媒体称为Beau。或许这就是beau和boyfriend的区别?

最后,和大家分享一个记忆beau这个单词的小技巧:它刚好由单词beautiful的前四个字母组成哦。这下你再也不会为记不住这个奇怪的源自法语的单词而烦恼啦!

State of the art是什么意思?怎么翻译?

在谈论到科技或技术时,State-of-the-art是美国人超级爱用的一个短语。用中文翻译过来,可以把state-of-the-art翻译为:最先进的,最高水平的、顶级的。Dictionary.com的英文解释为:the latest and most sophisticated or advanced stage of a technology, art, or science.

注意到了吗?这个短语中的单词之间使用了连字符(hyphen),这样的形式标明其词性为形容词(Phrasal Adjective),是一个名词的前置词(Prenominal)。如果不使用连字符,则state of the art变为一个名词短语(Noun Phrase)。但在实际使用中,存在很多并未严格遵守此规则的例子。

网上对于state-of-the-art的意思存在不同的理解,主要是因为大家没有彻底理解这个短语的意思。分析一下这个句子的结构你就知道:state在这里的意思是:状态。Art是艺术(级)。“(达到)艺术级的状态/境界”,表示炉火纯青,已臻化境。尽管有一些夸张,但却非常形象。

你最有可能会在某部科幻大片(Sci-Fi movie)中听到这个词,当然,科技研发型公司,也很有可能会骄傲地用这个热词(buzz phrase)来宣扬自己的产品或技术实力。

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在使用上,这个短语更常被用作形容词。另外,在发音的时候注意不要单个字地去读,尽量连读起来,快一点,这才符合美语的发音习惯哦。还需要提醒的是,由于state of the art这个词如此受欢迎,已经有被滥用的嫌疑,所以在使用的时候应谨慎。与state of the art比较接近的同义词有:highly sophisticated, best of breed.

最后,Will的美语课为大家精选了几个真实例句,你能区分出来下面哪些句子中该短语被用作名词,哪些被用作形容词吗?

Whoever she is, she’s clearly well-financed, with access to highly classified intel and state of the art weaponry. Their capabilities are beyond anything we’ve ever encountered. (G.I. JOE: THE RISE OF COBRA)

This new television set reflects the state of the art in screen technology. (dictionary.com)

It represents the state of the art in readiness for earthquake and tsunami disasters. (CNN)

The institute’s state-of-the art seismic recording system will be used to map what lies beneath Christchurch. (Calgary Herald)

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