“Courtesy of”是什么意思?中文如何翻译?

我们经常会在浏览英文网站时注意到这样的一个现象,在一些网站的配图旁边,往往会出现这样的字样:Photograph Courtesy of (someone’s name)。你知道这句话代表什么意思吗?

其实,这句英文用语表达的意思是:“感谢某某提供配图。” Courtesy of在这里的意思是:thanks to;as a result of。(多亏,由于…)为什么要表达感谢呢?因为这类配图是对方无偿赠与、或免费贡献的(Someone contributed the image, and it is given to you for free.)。

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(”感谢供图”的写法举例,截图引自Mashable.com)

注意Courtesy有两种主要的含义,一种是:礼貌,礼节(polite behavior);另一种是:帮忙、协助、慷慨(favor, help, generosity)。在courtesy of这个短语中,取第二种含义。另外,你也会见到by courtesy of…的用法,其意思和courtesy of一致。

参考这个例句:The costumes for the play were by courtesy of the local department store.(感谢当地百货大楼为本剧提供服装。)下次你在博客上提供朋友或热心人提供的免费图片,你也可以在图片底部注明:courtesy of …,以表达你的谢意哦。

参考链接:

https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/by-courtesy-of

曾经,德普大叔和她是item?

johnny_winona

德普(Johnny Depp)和新婚一年多的嫩妻(Amber Heard)已彻底决裂,后者不仅要起诉离婚誓言要分大叔的家产,甚至指控他酗酒、嗑药及家暴。而美国雅虎的娱记也没闲着,趁机撰文把德普的情史扒了个干净。文中最让人关注的,无疑是德普和前女友薇诺娜.瑞德(Winona Ryder)的一段堪称“金童玉女”的恋情。重点是,从这段英文介绍里,我们还会学到item这个词的特殊用法。

我们来看这篇名为:Johnny Depp’s former flames(《那些年,德普大叔追过的10位女孩》)的八卦文章,文中最引人瞩目的一段介绍,是关于德普和瑞德的,按年代顺序,瑞德在所有前女友中排第5位:

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Depp and Winona Ryder were the ’90s “it” couple. They started dating in 1989 after meeting at the Great Balls of Fire! premiere and got engaged in 1990. While they were an item, the couple starred in Edward Scissorhands together. Depp also famously tattooed “Winona Forever” on his arm, which he then altered to “Wino Forever” after they broke up in 1993.

大意是:德普与薇诺娜瑞德可谓是90年代的神仙眷侣(注:这里的it couple,表示超酷、受人喜爱的情侣。it要重读。)。他们相识于Great balls of fire的首映典礼,并开始交往,之后于1990年订婚。这曾经的一对,还联袂出演了《剪刀手爱德华》。德普曾在手臂上纹下了著名的“Winona Forever”(永远的薇诺娜)字样。而1993年这对情侣分道扬镳后,男主把纹身改为了“Wino Forever”(永远的酒鬼)。

想必你已经猜到了,从上面的中文翻译中,可以看到item在这里并非我们常见的:“物品、项目”之意。而是:“一对,情侣”的意思。其英文解释为:A romantically involved couple。参考这个例句:[They] soon began seeing each other … and were an item for a year and a half.” (他们不久开始约会,并且保持了一年半的情侣关系。)

回头再看看德普把Winona Forever改成Wino Forever的做法,你知道吗,在英文里,Wino(发音/ˈwaɪnəʊ/)有“慢性嗜酒者、醉鬼”(A chronic drinker,a habitual drunkard)的意思。也许德普这么做,是因为他对薇诺娜始终无法忘情。后者不仅在他的手臂上,更在他心里留下了一道深深的刺青。多年以后,Wino这个词竟一语成谶。再看看薇诺娜,曾经的女神,因一时脑子短路搞出的shoplifting丑闻令到自己无法翻身。近年来鲜有令人记住的荧幕作品,情感方面尽管和Matt Damon等人有过短暂的交集,如今依然单身。曾经完美的国民CP,如今却物是人非,不免令人唏嘘。

爱心树(The Giving Tree)英文版

你将要读到的,也许是世上最打动人心的文学作品之一。尽管在书店,《爱心树》这本并不太厚的读本常被归入童书目录,但它更像是一则写给成人的寓言。对于那些已为人父母的读者,书中的文字尤为扣动心弦。

书中写的是一棵爱心树和一个孩子的一生,这何尝又不是我们每个人的人生写照?曾经,我们也像书中的孩子般可爱、天真,随着年岁渐长,我们又是否正如书中的那个成年人,逐渐变得冷漠无情,索取无度?爱心树只是一直在那里,心甘情愿地满足我们的各种索求。我们忙着追逐着自己的幸福与梦想,直到我们发现 … 自己老了。而那颗默默陪伴我们成长的爱心树,只剩下一个可供我们休憩的树桩。

中文我就不提供了,傅惟慈先生翻译的《爱心树》中文版堪称是英文版的最佳译本。如果你喜欢本文提供的英文版,喜欢Shel Silverstein的文字给你带来的简单感动、泪水或是思考。建议你购买并收藏中文版或The Giving Tree英文原版,它值得你和孩子、家人在夜里一起细细品读。

The Giving Tree

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by Shel Silverstein

Once there was a tree….
and she loved a little boy.
And everyday the boy would come
and he would gather her leaves
and make them into crowns
and play king of the forest.
He would climb up her trunk
and swing from her branches
and eat apples.
And they would play hide-and-go-seek.
And when he was tired,
he would sleep in her shade.
And the boy loved the tree….
very much.
And the tree was happy.

But time went by.
And the boy grew older.
And the tree was often alone.
Then one day the boy came to the tree
and the tree said, “Come, Boy, come and
climb up my trunk and swing from my
branches and eat apples and play in my
shade and be happy.”
“I am too big to climb and play” said
the boy.
“I want to buy things and have fun.
I want some money?”
“I’m sorry,” said the tree, “but I
have no money.
I have only leaves and apples.
Take my apples, Boy, and sell them in
the city. Then you will have money and
you will be happy.”
And so the boy climbed up the
tree and gathered her apples
and carried them away.
And the tree was happy.
But the boy stayed away for a long time….
and the tree was sad.

And then one day the boy came back
and the tree shook with joy
and she said, “Come, Boy, climb up my trunk
and swing from my branches and be happy.”
“I am too busy to climb trees,” said the boy.
“I want a house to keep me warm,” he said.
“I want a wife and I want children,
and so I need a house.
Can you give me a house ?”
” I have no house,” said the tree.
“The forest is my house,
but you may cut off
my branches and build a
house. Then you will be happy.”

And so the boy cut off her branches
and carried them away
to build his house.
And the tree was happy.
But the boy stayed away for a long time.
And when he came back,
the tree was so happy
she could hardly speak.
“Come, Boy,” she whispered,
“come and play.”
“I am too old and sad to play,”
said the boy.
“I want a boat that will
take me far away from here.
Can you give me a boat?”
“Cut down my trunk
and make a boat,” said the tree.
“Then you can sail away…
and be happy.”
And so the boy cut down her trunk
and made a boat and sailed away.
And the tree was happy
… but not really.

本文只引用了部分原文,若希望阅读全文及精彩英文评论,还请读者移步allpoetry.com

(注:英文内容引自:allpoetry.com,原文版权归作者Shel Silverstein所有)

Call shotgun的意思及由来是什么?

Call shotgun是一个比较流行的常用美语口语,它常在乘坐汽车时被使用。那么这个英文短语的具体意思究竟是什么呢?

翻译为中文,call shotgun的意思是:坐副驾驶座(即:to claim the (front) seat next to the driver in a car)。

我们都知道,shotgun是猎枪、霰(xiàn,念四声)弹枪的意思,那么坐副驾驶座和猎枪(霰弹枪)有什么关系呢?

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参考Onlineslangdictionary的解释:(call shotgun) Derives from the “old west” when stagecoaches routinely had an armed guard (typically with a shotgun) seated next to the driver on top. 也就是说,该短语的由来是源于过去野蛮、动荡的美国西部时代,厢式马车(或“驿马车”)往往安排一位全副武装的保镖(通常带着shotgun)坐在驾驶者旁边,以保护乘客/货物的旅途安全。

有意思的是,美语里还有一个与call shotgun类似的短语:riding shotgun,表示“坐在副驾驶位置”,引申为:给予支持、提供保障,同样起源于过去西部时代(Old West)坐马车副驾驶的保镖常携带shotgun的传统。

另外,特别提醒大家:我坐副驾驶,其正确的英文说法是:I call shotgun,而不是:I call the shotgun。

什么是Cult Film(Cult Classic)? 怎么翻译比较准确?

Cult film(或cult movie)代表一类特殊的电影,这类影片往往属于低成本的小制作,影片风格多偏向怪异、黑色、独特、绝不走常规套路。一部好的Cult film也被称为Cult classic

中文里,cult film比较常用的对应翻译包括:异类、另类、小众、非主流电影。此外,也有把cult classic翻译为“邪典”的,与“经典”对应(个人认为“异典”也比较贴切)。

尽管主流媒体认定其难登大雅之堂,它们却相当符合某个小众群体的口味,拥有一批死忠粉(dedicated, passionate fanbase,或cult following)。粉丝们以频繁地引用剧中台词为荣,狂热、近乎痴迷地对影片的各种细节进行分析、解读,并乐此不疲。

一些cult movie的例子包括:Pulp fiction, Blade Runner(见本文配图), A Clockwork Orange, From Dusk Till Dawn, Evil Dead, 《大话西游》等(更多cult classics)。

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由于铁杆粉丝(die-hard fans)们不遗余力的自发传播,一些Cult Film最终被大众所接受,并成为经典。

在AMC对美国著名演员Lance Henriksen的一段英文访谈中,他的总结非常精辟:“(Cult classics are movies that) have survived for their own reasons because of the fans. You don’t set out to make a cult classic).”(点击收听关于Cult Classics的访谈音频) 大意是说:Cult classics的流行原因各有不同,但都得益于粉丝的追随。这类电影完全是可遇而不可求的。

最后,我们来看几个关于cult film的英文例句:

The 1994 movie Pulp Fiction has become a true cult classic.

I’m really not that into big-budget blockbusters. I’d consider myself a fan of cult films.

Come over to my place tonight. Let’s watch some cool cult movies.

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